Education before the 20th century was once seen as a domestic phenomenon, and learning institutions were once considered local institutions. Before the 20th century, education was usually limited to the scope of a country and was dedicated to the consumption of local citizens. Scholars or college students do not have to leave their country of origin to learn and acquire the skills they need in order to traverse the career path they choose. In addition, national borders are inaccessible walls in the name of sovereignty. A university degree and related skills are only for the firm nationalism to serve a person's origin. In addition, knowledge of the valleys and oceans around the world map and foreign languages and international political systems is not a priority. Intercultural communication is not huge and complex if it is not complicated. Accepting and understanding cultural diversity does not put pressure on anyone, nor does it engage in the temptation to participate in a globally connected world. In other words, before the 20th century, academic work was local, domestic and nearby, with major simplicity and constraints. They are limited to their own village, their own region, their own country. A student has his own community as a place where he was born, educated, and later served - the local village is his home, his community, his country.
However, the world has been in a state of constant change. After the 20th century, this phenomenon called globalization rose and became a buzzword. Anything related to the term globalization is attributed to modernization, or anything new, if not better. Part of this trend is the emergence of information technology and information and the irresistible power that thrives through the miracles of the Internet. The concept of cosmopolitanism - the feeling of all human beings, regardless of race, belief, gender, etc., living in the so-called global village - is another major indicator of globalization. In addition, international media, as well as trade and investment, have been unscrupulous and have taken place across borders. Finally, globalization involves an uncontrollable movement of scholars, workers and immigrants moving from one place to another in search of better employment and living conditions.
Clearly, globalization seems to be all-encompassing, affecting all areas of human life, including education. One indicator in this regard is the emergence of international education as a concept. The internationalization of education is reflected in global school buildings, classrooms around the world, a large campus in Europe, and global thinking. Take action locally and move to the west. Students from all over the world are convinced to understand the world and respond to technological advances, if not to become world citizens. In addition, globalization and international education are playing a role, for example, when it comes to Singapore, known as the Asian Capital of Knowledge, the city-state is called the world's academic power; De La Salle University in Manila, Philippines, and Waseda University in Japan and Soochow, Taiwan Several universities in the Asian region, such as universities, have signed agreements and external contacts for cooperation and support; Singapore has established branches or satellites at US and Australian universities such as the University of Chicago and the University of New South Wales; an online degree program for housewives, Although she is busy with her mother's duties, she is still eager to get some education; students attend semester or study abroad programs; and finally, learn English - the common language of modern academic and business worlds - by non-traditional speakers such as Chinese, Japan People and Korean students work hard to learn a language in order to qualify for a local English-speaking university and workplace. Obviously, all of this promotes international education and convinces potential consumers that in today's ongoing competitive frenzy, a powerful force for self-investment is to leave home, fly to another country, and conduct internationally relevant courses. In fact, globalization and international education have always encouraged students to better understand their world and become more involved.
In his article "International Higher Education Perspectives", the director of the International Centre for Higher Education at Boston College and international education expert Philip Altebach interrupted that the elements of higher education globalization are broad and multifaceted. Clear indicators of the globalization trend of higher education with transnational influence are as follows:
1. Students cross-border flow;
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2. International branches and offshore campuses embellish landscapes, especially in developing and middle-income countries;
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3. Courses designed to provide international vision and cross-cultural skills are very popular among universities and colleges in the United States;
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4. Mass higher education;
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5. Global markets for students, teachers and highly educated personnel; and
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6. The global impact of the new "Internet-based" technology.
In addition, S. Caspersen, an expert from the European Association for International Education, supports internationalization in the following areas: courses, language training, overseas study and training, foreign language teaching, reception of foreign students, hiring of foreign and visiting teachers, provision of foreign language of instruction and provision of international doctoral students. . Despite this, the goal of a "one size fits all" culture of globalization does not seem to apply to all countries in the world. In the words of Nobel Prize winner economist Joseph Stiglitz, the impact of globalization is essentially dualistic. Globalization itself is neither good nor bad. It has the ability to make huge profits. But in many parts of the world, globalization does not bring comparable benefits. For many people, this seems to be closer to a complete disaster. In Andrew Green's 2007 book "Education and Development in the Global Era: ' Strategies for Successful Globalization", he asserts that optimists will be East Asian tigers - Japan, China and South Korea - Rise is called the success story of globalization. But these are just a few of the 200 countries in the world. Most people are still in development, including the Philippines.
As far as international education in the Philippines is concerned, the University has incorporated the values of its graduates into globally competitive professionals into its mission and vision. In addition, universities in the Philippines have experienced internationalization, involving the recruitment of foreign scholars and students and cooperation with overseas universities. English training has also been strengthened, and in addition to the popular Philippine vernacular, language is used as a medium of instruction. Finally, due to foreign demand for these graduates, in the early 21st century, higher education in the Philippines strengthened the provision of nursing and information technology courses.
In terms of student mobility, although international training is obtained through studying abroad like the United States, most Filipinos believe that, even if it is not superior, practical thinking is the most important for most students. Efforts to study abroad are not popular among contemporary students. The typical prospect is that it is unrealistic to study abroad due to fees, tuition, living expenses, accommodation and airfare. Although there may be financial assistance, they are very limited. There may be several universities offering scholarships or academic scholarships, talent scholarships, sports scholarships, teaching grants, research grants, full or partial tuition remissions, but in fact there are certainly not many students' money. Obviously, international education is understood as a global issue, a global commodity, and most importantly a privilege - therefore, it is not suitable for everyone. Therefore, studying in the United States is only a choice for those who have the ability to pay for studying abroad.
The Philippines is a third world country and has been seriously affected by developed countries such as the United States. Globalization may have a positive impact on it in some respects, but a large part of its impact has been tempting to harm the interests of Filipinos. Globalization not only affects the country's education system, but even the economy and society of the education system. These include brain drain and declining quality of education because of huge profits, excess labor, the vulnerability of overseas workers and the decline in family values.
First, the Philippines is a country of migrant workers. Globalization has exacerbated this phenomenon of sending workers [also known as overseas Filipino workers or OFW] to work abroad and repatriating money. Brain drain - or a country's talents and a large number of technical talents, to move to the usual developed countries for better employment and living conditions - is a problem of increased globalization. The Philippine foreign policy foreign policy began in the 1970s, when oil prices rose, leading to a surge in contract labor migration in the Middle East. From the mid-1960s to the mid-1980s, the dictator Ferdinand Marcos saw the opportunity of unemployed young men who had stagnated export economies and established a regulatory system...
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