Hello there. 'Selamat Datang ke Malaysia'. This means using our Mandarin Bahasa Malaysia "Welcome to Malaysia". It is impossible to tell you everything about Malaysia in such a short time, but I will give you a general idea.
people
One of the most fascinating things in Malaysia is the people and culture. As a multi-ethnic, multicultural and multilingual society with a population of 28 million, it is not easy, because ethnic issues remain a heated debate and almost penetrate all aspects of Malaysian life.
The population of Malaysia includes 62% of indigenous people, including Malays and indigenous people, 24% of Chinese, 8% of Indians, and the rest are other minorities. Or as we said in Malaysia, 'lain-lain' or others. The citizenship of East Malaysia or the citizenship of Sabah and Sarawak is different from the immigration purpose of the Peninsular Malaysia. When West Malaysians visit East Malaysia, they must bring their MyKad, a biometric smart chip ID card that must be carried by Malaysian citizens at all times.
Malays are the largest community, and they are defined as Muslims in the Malaysian Constitution - in other words, if you are a Malay, you will automatically become a Muslim. The Malays are big brothers of politics and dominate the political arena. Their native language is Malay and is the national language of the country. They are sometimes referred to as "earth" or "the prince of the soil" and are favored by certain affirmative action policies. This is a dissatisfaction with many ethnic minorities. Among them, buying a house and getting a government tender and scholarship can get a 10% to 25% discount, which is part of it. How did this happen? I will tell you more in the economic section.
The second largest group is the Chinese. Most of them are Buddhists, Taoists or Christians. The Chinese community speaks a variety of Chinese dialects, including Mandarin, Fujian dialect, Cantonese, Hakka and Chaozhou dialect, all from the Chinese family provinces. But today, many Chinese use English as their first language; in fact, some people only speak English. If the Malays dominate the political arena, then the Chinese will dominate. There is a fairly large middle class made up of Chinese.
The third largest group is the Indians. Malaysian Indians are mainly Indian Tamils from southern India and their native language is Tamil. Of course there are other Indian communities living here, and they speak many dialects such as Telugu, Malayalam and Hindi. Many middle- and upper-class Indians in Malaysia also speak English as their first language. There is also a vibrant 200,000 Indian Muslim community that thrives as an independent cultural community. In fact, if you are hungry in the middle of the night, you are likely to go to a "mamak", a 24-hour restaurant usually owned by Indian Muslims. There is also a large Sikh community in Malaysia with a population of over 100,000.
The largest non-Malay indigenous tribe is Iban in Sarawak, with more than 600,000 people. Some people still live in traditional jungle villages in the long houses along the Rajang River and the Lupar River, although many moved to the city. Then there is Bidayuhs, whose number is about 170,000, concentrated in the southwest of Sarawak. Then there was Kadazans, the largest indigenous tribe in Sabah, mostly Christian farmers. Then there are the 140,000 Orang Asli or Aboriginal people living in Peninsular Malaysia. Traditionally nomadic hunter-gatherers and agricultural workers, many have been partially absorbed into "modern" Malaysia.
In addition, through inter-ethnic marriages, there are a large number of ethnic groups, such as Eurasians, who are British, Dutch and Portuguese, as well as descendants of locals. They speak Portuguese Creole, called PapiáKristang. There are also Eurasians of the Philippines and Spain, mostly in Sabah. Some immigrants from the Philippines, some say Chavacano, the only Spanish Creole in Asia. There are also Cambodians and Vietnamese, most of whom are Buddhists. There are also Thai Malaysians who live in most parts of the northern peninsula such as Bolivia, Kedah, Penang, Perak, Kelantan and Terengganu. In addition to speaking Thai, most of them are Buddhists who celebrate the Songkran Festival or the water festival. They can speak Fujian dialect, but some of them are Muslims and speak the Malay dialect of Kelantan. There are also Bugis and Javanese, who are part of the Johor population. In addition, many foreigners and foreigners have made Malaysia their second home and contributed to the Malaysian population. Then there is Babas and Nyonya, or the Straits Chinese; the descendants of the Chinese, who came from ancient Malacca and married the local Malays. They combine Malay and Chinese traditions to create a new culture. Most of them wear typical Malay fashion, wearing traditional Malay traditional clothing kebaya ketat, they say a special Malay language, cooking food is a mixture of two cultures.
As a multi-ethnic country, cultural exchange and cultural integration are inevitable. For example, this can be seen in the Malay wedding ceremony, which combines the elements of the Hindu tradition in southern India. The bride and groom wore gorgeous brocades, sat in the state, and fed yellow rice to each other with their hands painted with henna. Another example is that Muslims and Hindus have adapted to the Chinese custom of giving small red packets or "p pau" to festivals such as Aidilfitri and Deepavali. The colors of the packets vary, but the practice is similar.
In Malaysia, it is entirely possible to go from Kampung or the village, the rubber estate to the Chinese cafe, and it feels like you have seen so many different aspects of a country. Go to any suburb of Kuala Lumpur for observation. A Chinese house will have a mother praying and lighting incense for her ancestors, an Indian family will broadcast the latest Tamil radio, and the Malay family will be ready to walk to the nearest mosque.
Race relations remain a thorny issue that permeates every aspect of Malaysian life. Stereotypes are inevitable. The Malays are lazy and slow, the Chinese are greedy, they like to gamble, the Indians are always drunk, they beat their wives. You can still hear this often on the street, most of the time as a joke, but sometimes it is an insult. It is common with your ethnic identity. For example, a job interview requires you to state your race, although this practice is gradually diminishing. When you tell Malaysians that you see a traffic accident, he may ask you if you are a Malay, Chinese or Indian. If you are robbed, you will be asked if you are a Malay or an Indian. If you get paid peanuts, your boss is probably Chinese. If you are riding a motorcycle, you are probably a Malay. If you live in a high-end community, you are probably Chinese. I can continue, but I encourage you to find out these stereotypes yourself!
In addition to being a melting pot of various ethnic groups, Malaysia is also a multi-religious society with Islam as its official religion. About 63% of the population is engaged in Islam; 18% of Buddhism; 7% of Christianity; 6% of Hinduism; and 2% of traditional Chinese religions such as Taoism. The remaining figures are explained by other beliefs, including animism, folk religion, Sikhism, and 1% have no religious beliefs.
Although the Malaysian Constitution guarantees freedom of religion, Malay Muslims are obliged to follow Islamic court decisions when it comes to Islam. The conversion of Islam in Malaysia is a very problematic issue. Although some people try to do so, this is a process that requires a long-term legal struggle and is not accepted by most Muslim believers. Islamic judges in Islamic courts are expected to follow the Islamic Shafi`I school, which is the main name for Islam in Malaysia. On the issues of marriage, inheritance, apostasy, religious conversion and custody, the power of Islamic law is limited to Muslims. No other criminal or civil offences fall within the jurisdiction of an Islamic court. But the Pan-Islamic Party has taken action to implement the Haddou or Islamic law.
This is hard to digest. However, in order to understand life in Malaysia, it is worth knowing how Malaysia's culture, race and religion work. Go out now and see if you can recognize who the Malays are, who are Chinese, who are Indians, and who, as we Malaysians like to say, Lain-lain or others.
economic
We are now quick to browse the Malaysian economy.
During the Sultanate of Malacca, the spice trade used to be a big business in Malaysia. When the British took over, rubber and palm trees became big business. Soon, Malaysia became the world's largest producer of tin, rubber and palm oil. With these three lucrative commodities, Malaysia is expected to achieve huge economic growth.
During this growth period, the government tried to eradicate poverty through controversial new economic policies or new economic policies after the ethnic riots on May 13, 1969. At that time, the economic base competition - Malays as farmers in rice fields or civil servants, Chinese companies and Indians excavated rubber trees in rubber plantations. The main goal of the policy is to eliminate the link between race and economic function, just as it was during the British period. However, the new economic policy is full of controversial affirmative policies that benefit the Malays, and today it is still the source of dissatisfaction.
At that time, Malaysia was very dependent on agriculture. It needs to shift to a manufacturing-based economy. Inspired by the Asian Four Little Dragons of the 70s,...
Orignal From: Malaysia you don't know 2
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